Text

Text is a value like a number is, and it has its own tools.

Joining and measuring

Can + add text?

Yes. It joins the pieces end to end:

>>> (+ "Ada" " " "Lovelace")
"Ada Lovelace"

How long is a piece of text?

len counts its characters, the same len that counts a list:

>>> (len "Hello")
5

How do we put a name’s value into a message?

With an f before the opening quote, and the name in braces:

var name "Ada"
var age 36

print f"{name} is {age}"

That prints Ada is 36.

Can a call go in the braces?

Yes, any call:

>>> f"{name} has {(len name)} letters"
"Ada has 3 letters"

How do we make text loud?

Text has methods, called with a dot after the value:

>>> ("hello".upper)
"HELLO"
>>> (name.lower)
"ada"

The parentheses make it a call. Without them, name.lower is the method itself, not its result.

How do we split a sentence into words?

split gives a list of the words:

>>> ("the quick brown fox".split)
#["the" "quick" "brown" "fox"]

And join goes the other way. It is called on the text to put between the items:

>>> (" ".join #["one" "two" "three"])
"one two three"

Is "42" the same as 42?

No. One is text, the other is a number. (+ "42" 1) is an error. int turns text into a number and str turns a number into text:

>>> (+ (int "42") 1)
43
>>> (+ (str 42) "!")
"42!"

What does this print?

var words #["koskari" "is" "small"]

for-each [word words]:
  print f"{(word.upper)} has {(len word)} letters"

print (" ".join words)

Three lines like KOSKARI has 7 letters, then koskari is small.